Senin, Februari 25, 2008

Balinese Dancing

Legong Keraton
Perhaps the most of Balinese dances is the classical Legong, a dance traditionally performed as entertainment for the King. The young female dancer are wrapped from head to ankle in hand-painted dolg brocade, with glitter gold and sparkling mirrors and are topped with trembling frangipani flowers. As they glide and sway thaey pantomime an ancient story about a King Lasem and his unsuccessful attempts to win the love of the girl. The dancers seem to be essence of all that is feminime and beautiful.

Baris
A dance of war, the Baris is strongly masculine and yet also display at the same time an intense sensitivity of feeling in its myriad moods and expression. The Baris Gede is a sacred dance that is usually performed at temple ceremonies. Ten or more dancers take a part in that dancing. They wear elegant headdressed and bear spiked shields or swords or lances. They dance in line, posing aggressively as a group before attacking each other in simulated battle.

Kecak
This is a relatively new dance that has been created from a much older trance dance called Sanghyang that features a male chorus that chants rhytmically. Usually the chorus consist of over 100 men who provide the orchestral accompaniment with complex and varied chants that company their swaying movements. They created living circular stage for the enactment by dancers an expert from the well known from Hindu epic poem such as The Ramayana and The Maha Bharata. Flickering torches provided an Erie lighting,.

Sanghyang
Sanghyang trance dances were performed only as religious ceremonies that exorcise spirits that cause problems and to promote peach and healt within the village. They only have recently been performed to the public for entertainment. In this dance specially selected boys and girls are brought into trance by a group of women who sing a special, repetitive song variety, called Sanghyang Dedari (Angles), in volves very young girls who have never dance before. Yet they give skillful performance of a sort of Legong Dance. In Sanghyang Jaran (horse), the man in trance ride a kind of hobby horse over red hot coals, while wxhibiting caracteristic horse-like sounds and movement.

Barong and Rangda
The endless methapysical battle between good and evil is symbolically reenacted by two weird characters, Barong and Rangda, who by by their performance reinforce the magic power of the village and restore the balance between these two contrary forces. The Barong representative of the good force of nature. It is a strange creature that danced by two men inside a highly decorated framework that represents a stylized animal, often a kind chinese lion. Rangda adversary is Queen of the Withches, ugly creature with a long tongue, fangs and pendulaous brest. The two opposite forces that Barong and Rangda potray as the fight is enough to send the followers of the Barong into trance as they tray to attack Rangda with their Keris. But Rangda's magical power turn their swords away and toward them selves. And Barong's power then saves them from harm and the result is draw.

Arja and Drama Gong
A performance of Arja, Balinese folk opera can hold an entire village engrossed from late evening until nearly sunrise. Love stories drawn from the classics of the ancient kingdoms of Java are reenacted with all of the tragicomic and romantics ingridients guaranteed to appeal. The royal characters move in a slow stylised dance and sing and talk in a high falsetto using high Balinese language which is translated into common language and which is much more easly understod by the audience. Drama Gong is the development of Arja that is performed by actors and musical groups with little dance and has recently become very popular in the community.

Musics, Dances and Dramas in Bali

In Bali, no temple festivals or ceremonies are complete without accompanying entertaintment for the God, attending guest and local people. Temple anniversary are occasion for all-night drama and dance performances. This are found nowhere else in the world.

The Basic accompaniment to any such performance is provided by the local gamelan orchestra, a group of bronze instruments, metallophenes, tuned gongs, cymbals and hand drums. The instruments are generally owned by the village, as they are extremely expensive. They are stored at the village's meeting hall (Bale Banjar).

In times gone by Balinese music was passed from generation to generation purely by memory. Recently Balinese music has been written down or recorded on audio or video tape. Each combination of instruments to with the nature of ceremony. Melodious bamboo flutes (suling), reedy four stringed, violin like instrument (rebab) and twinging jew's -harp-like instruments (genggong) are all used to provide their own special effect.

Some of Dances in Bali:
Legong Keraton
Baris
Kecak
Topeng
Sanghyang
Barong and Rangda
Arja and Drama Gong

Special Events

Galungan
Galungan is the most important holiday. It symbolizes the victory of virtue (Dharma) over Evil (Adharma). On Galungan every family puts of a "penjor", a tall bamboo pole, placed on the right side of the enterence to the house compound. Each penjor is decorated with woven young coconut leaves, fruit, cakes, flowers, and other the gifts of nature. People attire them selves in their finest tradition clothing and jewels to wear to their temples and over thanks.

Kuningan.
This holiday takes place ten days after Galungan, bringing the holiday period to a close. On this day, special ritual ceremonies are held for the Ancestral spirits.

Nyepi
This important day is the Balinese Lunar New Year called the "Saka" New Year. It is a day of total silence throughout the island. There is no physical activity is allowed in this day, there can be no traffic at all on the roads, no fire may be lit and no the day before Nyepi so as to exorcise evile spirits from every corner of the vilaage. Nyepi falls on the first day after the New Moon closset to the March Exquinox, usually in March or early April.

Saraswati
This day is devoted to Gods Manifestation as Dewi Saraswati, the beautiful Goddess of Knowledge, art and literature. On this day, books of knowledge, manuscripts and the Weda are blessed and special offerings are made for them.

Pagerwesi
The name literary means iron fence, on this day ceremonies and prayers are held for strong mental and spiritual defense in welcoming the Galungan holiday.

Festival and Special Events in Bali


Festivals are important features of Balinese life. Most of this ceremonies occur on fixed dates within the Balinese Calendar that is based upon a cycle 210 days. Some of this festivals are anniversary celebrations of temples. Many are life cycle ceremonies that begin at conception and continue at major stages of an individual’s life, ending only with his cremation and subsequent installation as a deified ancestor in his family temple.

The provincial government of Bali tries to maintain and preserve every aspect of Balinese cultural life by sponsoring annual festival that emphasize the importance of the arts. The best known of these events is the Bali Art Festival that is held from mid-June to mid-July each year. The art festival features exhibitions of art and crafts, dance performances and competitions of various kinds, cultural achievement, a kite festival, and many other activities